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Market

Vasyl Poliovyi

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Basic information
ID
Ж-6993
Author
Vasyl Poliovyi
Name
Market
Date of creation
1968
Country
the USSR
Culture
Ukrainian art of the Soviet period
Technique
original technique
Material
fibreboard mixed media
Dimensions (height x width, cm)
110 x 120
Information about author
Author
Vasyl Poliovyi
Artist's lifetime
b.1936
Country
the USSR, the USA
Biography
Vasyl Poliovyi is a Ukrainian painter and graphic artist, one of the leading authors of Soviet Nonconformist art. He was born on April 22, 1936, in Kryvyi Rih city. The artist's father, Petro Poliovyi, worked as an engineer, and his mother, Oleksandra, was a mathematics teacher. With the start of hostilities on the territory of the USSR on June 22, 1941, the family was evacuated to the Sverdlovsk region (RSFSR). There Vasyl Poliovyi studied in school, and after completing his education in 1954, he entered an art school in Yelets. However, the artist later transferred to the Tavricheskaya Art School (Leningrad, RSFSR) and then to the Higher School of Industrial Art named after Vera Mukhina. After completing his studies, he moved to Moscow, where he worked at an art collective with his wife, artist Yuliia Podohova. He focused mainly on the monumental and decorative design of the interiors and the exteriors of public buildings and governmental institutions. At the same time, he was involved in the circle of nonconformist artists in Moscow and Leningrad, including Dmytro Krasnopevtsev, Anatolii Zverev, Mykhailo Shemiakin, Oleh Tselkov, Eduard Steinberg, Volodymyr Sterlihov, and the Lianozovo Group, as well as writers like Serhii Dovlatov, Yurii Mamleev, and Vladlen Gavrilchik. He participated in unofficial exhibitions, including those in the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, and Czechoslovakia. In 1965, while visiting his brother, the researcher and inventor Renat Poliovyi, the artist created a large cycle of thematic works about Ukraine. Some of them were exhibited in Moscow. Later he joined the Artists' Union of the USSR. In 1972, Vasyl Poliovyi moved to Lviv, where he worked on monumental and easel paintings. During this period, he interacted with the local art community, including Valerii Shalenko, Mykhailo Steinberg, Yurii Sokolov, Okhrim Kravchenko, Margit and Roman Selsky, Anatolii Semahin, art critics Hryhorii Ostrovskyi and Dmytro Shelest, and writer Ihor Klekh. In 1976, Vasyl Poliovyi was expelled from the Artists' Union, which made his professional activity practically impossible. As a result, the artist decided to emigrate from the Soviet Union to the United States, where he still lives and works in Greenville, South Carolina.
Object description
In this artwork, the author depicts what appears to be a genre scene in a covered market where people could sell their agricultural produce during the Soviet time. The variety and specificity of the displayed goods indicate that it is an autumn season when the harvest has already been gathered; hence there are practically no spring or summer crops. The right side of the composition depicts a pumpkin, typical baskets with beets and onions, apples of various kinds, and sacks, probably with potatoes. Sellers and buyers are dressed according to the season. The artist captures the contrast between what the townspeople wear (coats, jackets, fur hats, and caps indicative of the era's fashion) and the villagers' clothes (traditional corsets – kersetkas, pleated skirts, and uniquely tied headscarves). By capturing the specific scattered lighting, the scene's space vibrates with colour and tone, becoming almost mosaic-like. A complex, warm range of almost golden hues provides the backdrop for micro-stories unfolding in the pavilion. The foreground depicts something the buyer does not see, as the viewer is positioned on the other side of the counter. Here, a woman stands with her back to the viewer, wearing a rather unusual rose madder and purple outfit with whitewashed segments. Next to her on the left are many goods waiting to be picked up – in bags, baskets, or stacked in a large pile. To her left, there are two men. An elderly man, likely a war veteran, sits in a wooden two-wheeled cart, wearing a warm blue sweater and a cap, leaning towards his conversation partner. The other man sits on a wooden crate, almost facing away from the viewer, dressed in light ochre-coloured attire. Behind the counter is a woman wearing a large light-coloured down headscarf and a man with a distinctive headdress (resembling a tasselled kresania – a traditional Hutsul felt hat). To the right of the woman stands a girl of Eastern appearance in light clothing, wearing her namitka (?) – a traditional white headdress – in a unique way. The characters in the background, walking between the rows or standing behind the counters, illustrate the diversity of society, bringing together genre anthropological scenarios of behaviour and everyday practices. Among them is a woman in elegant, antique headwear and ordinary workers. This approach refers to the philosophical understanding of what this world is: diverse, varied, yet tightly interconnected. The artist partially revisited this theme in one of his works of the American period, but in a completely different colour scheme, with the active use of ultramarine.
Inscriptions
In the bottom left corner: ВПоЛеВоЙ 68 г
Legal regulation
Borys Voznytskyi Lviv National Art Gallery