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Alms. From the "Aufrichtigkeit und Heuchelei" (Honesty and Hypocrisy) Series

Daniel Chodowiecki

  • Alms. From the "Aufrichtigkeit und Heuchelei" (Honesty and Hypocrisy) Series
Basic information
ID
Г-IV-2698
Author
Daniel Chodowiecki
Name
Alms. From the "Aufrichtigkeit und Heuchelei" (Honesty and Hypocrisy) Series
Country
Poland Germany
Technique
etching
Material
paper
Dimensions
8.6 x 4.8 cm (height x width)
Additionally
Type
graphic art
Genre
genre art
Provenance
Purchased from O. Bushel, 1977
Information about author
Author
Daniel Chodowiecki
Artist's lifetime
1726–1801
Country
Poland, Germany
Biography
Daniel Nikolaus Chodowiecki (1726, Gdańsk – 1801, Berlin) – a Polish-German artist, printmaker and painter, a master of etching and book illustration, a representative of the academic movement, and one of the leading exponents of sentimentalism in 18th-century German art.
The artist's father was a merchant, a descendant of a noble family. His mother came from a family of Swiss Huguenots. The young Daniel, continuing the family tradition, began working as a merchant. At the age of 17, he went to Berlin for a commercial apprenticeship, where he spent most of his life. Towards the end of his career, he became the director of the Prussian Academy of Arts (Preußische Akademie der Künste).
In the 1750s, the artist developed an interest in painting, and later in printmaking, becoming one of the leading book illustrators. Between 1770 and 1774, together with Johann Bernhard Basedow, the founder of the philanthropic movement in education, he worked on the four-volume publication "Elementary Textbook for Young People" ("Elementarwerk für die Jugend"). Chodowiecki created over 100 illustrations for it using the copper engraving technique, including some dedicated to the Crusades.
In 1781, the artist produced 12 illustrations for a play by Gustav Friedrich Wilhelm Großmann entitled "No More Than Six Dishes" ("Nicht mehr als sechs Schüsseln"). This comedy, with its strongly social-critical undertones, is considered one of the earliest outstanding dramatic works in German bourgeois literature.
Around 2,000 engravings by Chodowiecki on various subjects, executed in the techniques of etching and copper engraving, have survived to this day. One of his contemporaries wrote that, were it not for Chodowiecki's illustrations, countless books would never have found their readers. The artist created a large number of painted and graphic portraits, as well as genre scenes of burgher life, mostly executed in pen and ink. The total number of the artist's surviving drawings amounts to around 4,000.
Daniel Chodowiecki's works are held in Germany – at the Kupferstichkabinett (Museum of Prints and Drawings) in Berlin, the Museum of Fine Arts in Leipzig, and the Städel Museum in Frankfurt; in Poland – at the National Museum in Gdańsk; in Ukraine – at Borys Voznytskyi Lviv National Art Gallery, Vasyl Stefanyk Lviv National Scientific Library of Ukraine and the Kharkiv Art Museum, as well as in museums in Washington, Madrid and London.
Object description
This illustration for the "Göttinger Taschenkalender" pocket calendar of 1794 depicts a scene taking place in the entrance hall of an aristocrat's house. In the foreground is the elegantly dressed master of the house. He is handing carpentry tools – a saw and an axe – to a labourer who has just entered through the open door. The man has placed his hand on the tools, taken off his cap and bowed his head in gratitude. The artist emphasises the hypocritical expression on the master's face as he does a favour for a labourer dependent on him, presumably in the hope of securing his continued labour. On the cupboard to the left, there is a pile of boxes containing calendars. The years of publication are visible on them: from 1789 to 1793.
The illustration was produced by the publisher Johann Christian Dieterich based on an etching by Daniel Chodowiecki in 1793. It was published by "Dieterich'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung", Göttingen (Lower Saxony).
Inscriptions
Below the image is the title of the work in German and French: "Das Almosen / L'aumône". On the reverse, at the bottom – the inventory number of the Lviv Picture Gallery.
Legal regulation
Borys Voznytskyi Lviv National Art Gallery

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