The actualisation of the ancient artistic ideal and the idea of kalokagathos (the unity of inner and outer beauty) is a characteristic feature of the Italian Renaissance, based on anthropocentrism, the idea of man as a divinely inspired and free being who, while maintaining a connection with the transcendent, transforms the world around him. One example is an image created by an unknown 15th-century Italian master based on classical antique models. Reproducing an athlete in ancient Greece – a participant in the Olympic Games, a citizen respected and elected by the polis, the unknown master focused on modelling the naked body, understood as a perfect, harmonious, human-cultivated aesthetic object. The peculiarity of the sculpture is the representation of an athlete in action, interpreted as the manifestation of an ideal essence.