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Sketch for a Mural on the Territory of the Lviv State Leather Enterprise (until 1976, the Svitanok Leather Company)

Vasyl Poliovyi

  • Sketch for a Mural on the Territory of the Lviv State Leather Enterprise (until 1976, the Svitanok Leather Company) 2
  • Sketch for a Mural on the Territory of the Lviv State Leather Enterprise (until 1976, the Svitanok Leather Company) 3
Basic information
ID
Г-II-331
Author
Vasyl Poliovyi
Name
Sketch for a Mural on the Territory of the Lviv State Leather Enterprise (until 1976, the Svitanok Leather Company)
Date of creation
1970s (?)
Country
the USSR
Culture
Ukrainian art of the Soviet period
Technique
mixed technique
Material
cardboard pastel tempera (?)
Dimensions (height x width, cm)
109.5 x 84
Information about author
Author
Vasyl Poliovyi
Artist's lifetime
b.1936
Country
the USSR, the USA
Biography
Vasyl Poliovyi is a Ukrainian painter and graphic artist, one of the leading authors of Soviet Nonconformist art. He was born on April 22, 1936, in Kryvyi Rih city. The artist's father, Petro Poliovyi, worked as an engineer, and his mother, Oleksandra, was a mathematics teacher. With the start of hostilities on the territory of the USSR on June 22, 1941, the family was evacuated to the Sverdlovsk region (RSFSR). There Vasyl Poliovyi studied in school, and after completing his education in 1954, he entered an art school in Yelets. However, the artist later transferred to the Tavricheskaya Art School (Leningrad, RSFSR) and then to the Higher School of Industrial Art named after Vera Mukhina. After completing his studies, he moved to Moscow, where he worked at an art collective with his wife, artist Yuliia Podohova. He focused mainly on the monumental and decorative design of the interiors and the exteriors of public buildings and governmental institutions. At the same time, he was involved in the circle of nonconformist artists in Moscow and Leningrad, including Dmytro Krasnopevtsev, Anatolii Zverev, Mykhailo Shemiakin, Oleh Tselkov, Eduard Steinberg, Volodymyr Sterlihov, and the Lianozovo Group, as well as writers like Serhii Dovlatov, Yurii Mamleev, and Vladlen Gavrilchik. He participated in unofficial exhibitions, including those in the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, and Czechoslovakia. In 1965, while visiting his brother, the researcher and inventor Renat Poliovyi, the artist created a large cycle of thematic works about Ukraine. Some of them were exhibited in Moscow. Later he joined the Artists' Union of the USSR. In 1972, Vasyl Poliovyi moved to Lviv, where he worked on monumental and easel paintings. During this period, he interacted with the local art community, including Valerii Shalenko, Mykhailo Steinberg, Yurii Sokolov, Okhrim Kravchenko, Margit and Roman Selsky, Anatolii Semahin, art critics Hryhorii Ostrovskyi and Dmytro Shelest, and writer Ihor Klekh. In 1976, Vasyl Poliovyi was expelled from the Artists' Union, which made his professional activity practically impossible. As a result, the artist decided to emigrate from the Soviet Union to the United States, where he still lives and works in Greenville, South Carolina.
Object description
The work is a sketch from a series of mural projects at the Lviv State Leather Enterprise (mural "History of Leather Production" for the institution's club, 1980). As in other sketches, the author visualises scenes from different stages of leather preparation (including soaking and stretching) at different periods in a synchronous stylistic form. In this sketch, the artist depicts the processing of raw materials in the early modern leather production process. Accurately determining the specific chronological period in which the events occur is challenging because the tools used by craftsmen were universal and widely used over the centuries. The characters' attire is equally conventional. The author combined several stages of production into one image and placed the characters in a stylised hilly landscape. Essentially, we are looking at a simultaneous narrative of how rawhide is transformed into material for various household items, ranging from clothing to interior elements such as cordovan leather wallpaper or book bindings. Leather has been an indispensable material for centuries due to the stability of its production processes, which have mainly been complicated by mechanisation and new chemicals for its processing (mainly tanning, which is still often carried out using the same vegetable-based substances used centuries ago). It is significant that a rather ordinary story, which can be seen, for example, in professional textbooks on the production of leather goods, is presented by Vasyl Poliovyi as complex in terms of colour and stylisation, referring to the practices of European modernism of the early twentieth century. Both in the group of two craftsmen performing the technological process in the left part of the work and in the group of four artisans working at the tables, there is an expressive dynamism and a vibrant colour scheme (contrasting combinations of green and red, ultramarine and yellow-ochre shades), which contribute to active observation. The artist's decorative language creates a certain illustrative detachment.
Legal regulation
Borys Voznytskyi Lviv National Art Gallery